Systematics of Ariantinae (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Helicidae) - Table S7

A new starting-point in Ariantinae systematics is presented by combining data on traditional shell morphology and genital anatomy, with phylogeny reconstructions based on DNA sequence data. For nearly all genera and subgenera one or more shells are depicted and drawings of the proximal part of the genital organs are shown to illustrate the morphological diversification within the subfamily. For as much as our material allowed it, partial sequences are presented for <em>Histone H3 (H3)</em>, <em>Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), Cytochrome B (CytB)</em> and <em>16S ribosomal RNA (16S)</em>. Some of the allegedly speciose genera like <em>Chilostoma</em> and <em>Campylaea</em> (Zilch, 1960) do not represent monophyletic groups of species, whereas most of the remaining nominal taxa (<em>e.g. Causa, Dinarica, Josephinella, Faustina, Liburnica, Kosicia</em> and <em>Thiessea</em>) warrant a separate taxonomic status indeed. Sequence data from individual markers were informative at the species-level, but not for higherlevel phylogenetics. Insight in genus-level relationships was obtained after concatenation of the individual datasets. The Ariantinae are estimated to have originated during the late Cretaceous (Campanian), not later than ca. 80 million years ago. The enigmatic and morphologically aberrant, monotypic genus <em>Cylindrus</em> is shown as the sister-group of <em>Arianta</em>, a genus including <em>A. arbustorum</em>, which is also unusual in shell-shape and habitat. <em>Ariantopsis</em> and <em>Wladislawia</em> are classified as subgenera of neither <em>Campylaea</em> nor <em>Chilostoma</em>, but <em>Cattania</em>. <em>Sabljaria</em> is considered a subgenus of <em>Dinarica</em>. The nominal genus <em>Superba</em> is shown to be paraphyletic; additional data should demonstrate whether <em>Superba</em> has to be synonymised with <em>Liburnica</em>. The Ariantinae are here divided in 21 genera (2 new) and 13 subgenera (3 new).